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ha17431h series shunt regulator ade-204-070 (z) preliminary rev.0 sep. 2001 description the ha17431h series is a family of voltage referenced shunt regulators. the main application of these products is in voltage regulators that provide a variable output voltage. the ha17431h series products are provided in a wide range of packages; to-92 insertion mounting packages and mpak-5 (5 pin), mpak (3 pin), upak surface mounting packages are available. the on-chip high-precision reference voltage source can provide 1% accuracy, which have a v ka max of 36 volts. features ? the reference voltage provide 2.500 v 1% at ta = 25c ? the reference voltage has a low temperature coefficient ? the mpak-5 (5 pin), mpak (3 pin) and upak miniature packages are optimal for use on high mounting density circuit boards block diagram a + ? ref k 2.500 v
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 2 of 15 application circuit example vout + ? a k ref r 2 r 1 ha17431h series gnd switching power supply secondary-side error amplification circuit r ordering information item package temp. range HA17431HLP mpak-5 ha17431hp to-92 ha17431hup ha17432hup upak ha17431hltp industrial use ha17432hltp mpak ?20 to +85c pin arrangement upak (ha17431hup) a a k ref upak (ha17432hup) a a ref k mpak-5 a k ref nc nc mpak (ha17431hltp) k ref a ref k a mpak (ha17432hltp) a k ref face to-92
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 3 of 15 absolute maximum ratings (ta = 25c) ratings item symbol HA17431HLP ha17431hp ha17431hup/ ha17432hup ha17431hltp/ ha17432hltp unit notes cathode voltage v ka 36 36 36 36 v 1 continuous cathode current i k ?50 to +50 ?50 to +50 ?50 to +50 ?50 to +50 ma reference input current iref ?0.05 to +6 ?0.05 to +6 ?0.05 to +6 ?0.05 to +6 ma power dissipation p t 150 * 2 500 * 3 800 * 4 150 * 2 mw operating temperature range topr ?20 to +85 ?20 to +85 ?20 to +85 ?20 to +85 c storage temperature tstg ?55 to +150 ?55 to +150 ?55 to +150 ?55 to +150 c notes: 1. voltages are referenced to anode. 2. ta 25c. if ta > 25c, derate by 1.2 mw/c. 3. ta 25c. if ta > 25c, derate by 4.0 mw/c. 4. 15 mm 25 mm t0.7mm alumina ceramic board,ta 25c. if ta > 25c, derate by 6.4 mw/c.
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 4 of 15 electrical characteristics (ta = 25c, i k = 10 ma) item symbol min typ max unit test conditions notes reference voltage vref 2.475 2.500 2.525 v v ka = vref reference voltage temperature deviation vref(dev) ? 10 ? mv v ka = vref, ta = ?20c to +85c 1 reference voltage temperature coefficient ? vref/ ? ta ? 30 ? ppm/c v ka = vref, 0c to 50c gradient reference voltage regulation ? vref/ ? v ka ?2.03.7mv/vv ka = vref to 36 v reference input current iref ? 0.6 3 ar 1 = 10 k ? , r 2 = reference current temperature deviation iref(dev) ? 0.5 ? ar 1 = 10 k ? , r 2 = , ta = ?20c to +85c minimum cathode current imin ? 0.06 0.2 ma v ka = vref 2 off state cathode current ioff ? 0.001 1.0 av ka = 36 v, vref = 0 v dynamic impedance z ka ?0.20.5 ? v ka = vref, i k = 1 ma to 50 ma notes: 1. vref(dev) = vref(max) ? vref(min) vref(dev) ? 20 + 85 ta ( c) 2. imin is given by the cathode current at vref = vref (ik=10ma) ? 15 mv.
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 5 of 15 mpak-5 (5 pin), mpak (3 pin) and upak marking patterns the marking patterns shown below are used on mpak-5, mpak and upak products. note that the product code and mark pattern are different. the pattern is laser-printed. HA17431HLP ha17431hltp ha17431hup ha17432hup ha17432hltp (b) (2) (c) (4) (1) (a) h 4 nc nc ref a k (b) (2) (c) (4) (1) (a) c 3 a ref k (b) (2) (c) (4) (1) (a) d 3 a kref (3) (4) (1) (2) (5) band mark ref aa k 4u k a ref (3) (4) (1) (2) (5) band mark 4w notes: 1. boxes (1) to (5) in the figures show the position of the letters or numerals, and are not actually marked on the package. 2. the letters (1) and (2) show the product specific mark pattern. product (1) (2) HA17431HLP 4 h ha17431hup 4 u ha17432hup 4 w ha17431hltp 3 c ha17432hltp 3 d 3. the letter (3) shows the production year code (the last digit of the year) for upak products. 4. the bars (a), (b) and (c) show a production year code for mpak-5 and mpak products as shown below. after 2009 the code is repeated every 8 years. year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 (a) none none none none bar bar bar bar (b) none none bar bar none none bar bar (c) none bar none bar none bar none bar 5. the letter (4) shows the production month code (see table below). production month jan. feb. mar. apr. may. jun. jul. aug. sep. oct. nov. dec. marked code a b c d e f g h j k l m 6. the letter (5) shows manufacturing code. for upak products.
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 6 of 15 application examples as shown in figure 1, this ic operates as an inverting amplifier, with the ref pin as input pin. the open- loop voltage gain is given by the reciprocal of ?reference voltage deviation by cathode voltage change? in the electrical specifications, and is approximately 50 to 60 db. the ref pin has a high input impedance, with an input current iref of 0.6 a typ. the output impedance of the output pin k (cathode) is defined as dynamic impedance z ka , and z ka is low (0.2 ? ) over a wide cathode current range. a (anode) is used at the minimum potential, such as ground. k v cc out v ee a ref v z ? 2.5v ? + figure 1 operation diagram application hints no. application example description 1 reference voltage generation circuit k r c l vout gnd vin gnd ref a this is the simplest reference voltage circuit. the value of the resistance r is set so that cathode current i k 0.2 ma. output is fixed at vout ? 2.5 v. the external capacitor c l (c l 3.3 f) is used to prevent oscillation in normal applications. 2 variable output shunt regulator circuit k r c l vout gnd vin gnd a r 1 r 2 ref iref this is circuit 1 above with variable output provided. vout ? 2.5 v here, (r 1 + r 2 ) r 2 since the reference input current iref = 0.6 a typ flows through r 1 , resistance values are chosen to allow the resultant voltage drop to be ignored.
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 7 of 15 application hints (cont.) no. application example description 3 single power supply inverting comparator circuit k vout gnd vin gnd a ref v cc r l rin this is an inverting type comparator with an input threshold voltage of approximately 2.5 v. rin is the ref pin protection resistance, with a value of several k ? to several tens of k ? . r l is the load resistance, selected so that the cathode current i k 0.2 ma when vout is low. condition c1 c2 vin less then 2.5 v 2.5 v or more vout v cc (v oh ) approx. 2 v (v ol ) ic off on 4 ac amplifier circuit gnd k vout vin ref a v cc r l r 1 r 2 r 3 cin cf gain g = (dc gain) r 1 r 2 // r 3 cutoff frequency fc = 1 2 cf (r 1 // r 2 // r 3 ) this is an ac amplifier with voltage gain g = ?r 1 / (r 2 //r 3 ). the input is cut by capacitance cin, so that the ref pin is driven by the ac input signal, centered on 2.5 v dc . r 2 also functions as a resistance that determines the dc cathode potential when there is no input, but if the input level is low and there is no risk of vout clipping to v cc , this can be omitted. to change the frequency characteristic, cf should be connected as indicated by the dotted line. 5 switching power supply error amplification circuit + ? v + v ? r 1 r 2 r 3 r 4 led cf secondary side gnd (note) note: led r3 r4 : light emitting diode in photocoupler : bypass resistor to feed ik(>imin) when led current vanishes : led protection resistance this circuit performs control on the secondary side of a transformer, and is often used with a switching power supply that employs a photocoupler for offlining. the output voltage (between v+ and v?) is given by the following formula: vout ? 2.5 v (r 1 + r 2 ) r 2 in this circuit, the gain with respect to the vout error is as follows: g = r 2 (r 1 + r 2 ) ha17431h open loop gain photocoupler total gain as stated earlier, the ha17431h open-loop gain is 50 to 60 db.
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 8 of 15 application hints (cont.) no. application example description 6 constant voltage regulator circuit v cc r 1 r 2 r 3 cf q vout gnd gnd this is a 3-pin regulator with a discrete configuration, in which the output voltage vout = 2.5 v (r 2 + r 3 ) r 3 r 1 is a bias resistance for supplying the ha17431h cathode current and the output transistor q base current. 7 discharge type constant current circuit gnd v cc r r s q load 2.5 v + ? i l this circuit supplies a constant current of i l ? [a] into the load. caution is required 2.5 v r s since the ha17431h cathode current is also superimposed on i l . the requirement in this circuit is that the cathode current must be greater than imin = 0.2 ma. the i l setting therefore must be on the order of several ma or more. 8 induction type constant current circuit gnd v cc r q load 2.5 v + ? i l r s in this circuit, the load is connected on the collector side of transistor q in circuit 7 above. in this case, the load floats from gnd, but the ha17431h cathode current is not superimposed on i l , so that i l can be kept small (0.2 ma or less is possible). the constant current value is the same as for circuit 7 above: i l ? [a] 2.5 v r s
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 9 of 15 design guide for ac-dc smps (switching mode power supply) use of shunt regulator in transformer secondary side control this example is applicable to both forward transformers and flyback transformers. a shunt regulator is used on the secondary side as an error amplifier, and feedback to the primary side is provided via a photocoupler. r 1 r 2 r 3 r 4 transformer photocoupler light emitting diode phototransistor output c 1 r 5 ref gnd a k v k i b i f ha17431h v f sbd pwm ic ha17384 ha17385 vref v 0 (+) ( ? ) figure 2 typical shunt regulator/error amplifier determination of external constants for the shunt regulator dc characteristic determination: in figure 2, r 1 and r 2 are protection resistor for the light emitting diode in the photocoupler, and r 2 is a bypass resistor to feed i k minimum, and these are determined as shown below. the photocoupler specification should be obtained separately from the manufacturer. using the parameters in figure 2, the following formulas are obtained: r 1 = v 0 ? v f ? v k i f + i b , r 2 = v f i b v k is the ha17431h operating voltage, and is set at around 3 v, taking into account a margin for fluctuation. r 2 is the current shunt resistance for the light emitting diode, in which a bias current i b of around 1/5 i f flows. next, the output voltage can be determined by r3 and r4, and the following formula is obtained: v 0 = r 3 + r 4 r 4 vref, vref = 2.5 v typ the absolute values of r 3 and r 4 are determined by the ha17431h reference input current iref and the ac characteristics described in the next section. the iref value is around 0.6 a typ.
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 10 of 15 ac characteristic determination: this refers to the determination of the gain frequency characteristic of the shunt regulator as an error amplifier. taking the configuration in figure 2, the error amplifier characteristic is as shown in figure 3. when r 5 = 0 when r 5 0 g 1 f 1 f ac f 2 g 2 f osc frequency f (hz) gain g (db) * f osc : pwm switching frequency figure 3 ha17431h error amplification characteristic in figure 3, the following formulas are obtained: gain g 1 = g 0 50 db to 60 db (determined by shunt regulator) g 2 = r 5 r 3 corner frequencies f 1 = 1/(2 c 1 g 0 r 3 ) f 2 = 1/(2 c 1 r 5 ) g 0 is the shunt regulator open-loop gain; this is given by the reciprocal of the reference voltage fluctuation ? vref/ ? v ka , and is approximately 50 db.
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 11 of 15 practical example consider the example of a photocoupler, with an internal light emitting diode v f = 1.05 v and i f = 2.5 ma, power supply output voltage v 2 = 5 v, and bias resistance r 2 current of approximately 1/5 i f at 0.5 ma. if the shunt regulator v k = 3 v, the following values are found. r 1 = 5v ? 1.05v ? 3v 2.5ma + 0.5ma = 316( ? ) (330 ? from e24 series) r 2 = 1.05v 0.5ma = 2.1(k ? ) (2.2k ? from e24 series) next, assume that r 3 = r 4 = 10 k ? . this gives a 5 v output. if r 5 = 3.3 k ? and c 1 = 0.022 f, the following values are found. g 2 = 3.3 k ? / 10 k ? = 0.33 times (?10 db) f 1 = 1 / (2 0.022 f 316 10 k ? ) = 2.3 (hz) f 2 = 1 / (2 0.022 f 3.3 k ? ) = 2.2 (khz)
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 12 of 15 package dimensions 0.16 0 ? 0.1 0.95 0.6 5 ? 0.4 2.9 0.2 1.9 0.2 1.6 2.8 + 0.2 ? 0.3 + 0.2 ? 0.1 + 0.1 ? 0.05 0.95 0.6 + 0.1 ? 0.05 1.1 0.3 + 0.2 ? 0.1 hitachi code jedec eiaj mass (reference value) mpak-5 ? ? 0.015 g as of january, 2001 unit: mm 4.5 0.1 1.8 max 1.5 0.1 0.44 max 0.44 max 0.48 max 0.53 max 1.5 1.5 3.0 2.5 0.1 4.25 max 0.8 min 1 0.4 (1.5) (2.5) (0.4) (0.2) hitachi code jedec eiaj mass (reference value) upak ? conforms 0.050 g as of january, 2001 unit: mm
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 13 of 15 0.60 max 0.55max 4.8 0.4 3.8 0.4 5.0 0.2 0.7 2.3 max 12.7 min 0.5max 1.27 2.54 hitachi code jedec eiaj mass (reference value) to-92 (1) conforms conforms 0.25 g as of january, 2001 unit: mm
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 14 of 15 0.16 0 ? 0.1 + 0.10 ? 0.06 0.4 + 0.10 ? 0.05 0.95 0.95 1.9 0.2 2.95 0.2 2.8 + 0.2 ? 0.6 0.65 1.5 0.15 0.65 1.1 + 0.2 ? 0.1 0.3 hitachi code jedec eiaj mass (reference value) mpak ? conforms 0.011 g as of january, 2001 unit: mm
ha17431h series rev.0, sep. 2001, page 15 of 15 disclaimer 1. hitachi neither warrants nor grants licenses of any rights of hitachi?s or any third party?s patent, copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property rights for information contained in this document. hitachi bears no responsibility for problems that may arise with third party?s rights, including intellectual property rights, in connection with use of the information contained in this document. 2. products and product specifications may be subject to change without notice. confirm that you have received the latest product standards or specifications before final design, purchase or use. 3. hitachi makes every attempt to ensure that its products are of high quality and reliability. however, contact hitachi?s sales office before using the product in an application that demands especially high quality and reliability or where its failure or malfunction may directly threaten human life or cause risk of bodily injury, such as aerospace, aeronautics, nuclear power, combustion control, transportation, traffic, safety equipment or medical equipment for life support. 4. design your application so that the product is used within the ranges guaranteed by hitachi particularly for maximum rating, operating supply voltage range, heat radiation characteristics, installation conditions and other characteristics. hitachi bears no responsibility for failure or damage when used beyond the guaranteed ranges. even within the guaranteed ranges, consider normally foreseeable failure rates or failure modes in semiconductor devices and employ systemic measures such as fail- safes, so that the equipment incorporating hitachi product does not cause bodily injury, fire or other consequential damage due to operation of the hitachi product. 5. this product is not designed to be radiation resistant. 6. no one is permitted to reproduce or duplicate, in any form, the whole or part of this document without written approval from hitachi. 7. contact hitachi?s sales office for any questions regarding this document or hitachi semiconductor products. sales offices hitachi, ltd. semiconductor & integrated circuits nippon bldg., 2-6-2, ohte-machi, chiyoda-ku, tokyo 100-0004, japan tel: (03) 3270-2111 fax: (03) 3270-5109 copyright ? hitachi, ltd., 2001. all rights reserved. printed in japan. hitachi asia ltd. hitachi tower 16 collyer quay #20-00 singapore 049318 tel : <65>-538-6533/538-8577 fax : <65>-538-6933/538-3877 url : http://semiconductor.hitachi.com.sg url http://www.hitachisemiconductor.com/ hitachi asia ltd. (taipei branch office) 4/f, no. 167, tun hwa north road hung-kuo building taipei (105), taiwan tel : <886>-(2)-2718-3666 fax : <886>-(2)-2718-8180 telex : 23222 has-tp url : http://www.hitachi.com.tw hitachi asia (hong kong) ltd. group iii (electronic components) 7/f., north tower world finance centre, harbour city, canton road tsim sha tsui, kowloon hong kong tel : <852>-(2)-735-9218 fax : <852>-(2)-730-0281 url : http://semiconductor.hitachi.com.hk hitachi europe gmbh electronic components group dornacher stra?e 3 d-85622 feldkirchen postfach 201, d-85619 feldkirchen germany tel: <49> (89) 9 9180-0 fax: <49> (89) 9 29 30 00 hitachi europe ltd. electronic components group whitebrook park lower cookham road maidenhead berkshire sl6 8ya, united kingdom tel: <44> (1628) 585000 fax: <44> (1628) 585200 hitachi semiconductor (america) inc. 179 east tasman drive san jose,ca 95134 tel: <1> (408) 433-1990 fax: <1>(408) 433-0223 for further information write to: colophon 5.0

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